This book offers young neuroscientists an introduction to experimental design. Basic professional ethics prepare students for research with humans or other animals. Descriptions of the range of possible experimental designs, from simple descriptive studies to multifactorial designs, will help the student design a new study as well as to understand previously published research. Advice on ways to control unwanted variables will help the young research scientist avoid common pitfalls. Throughout the book, design principles are illustrated with examples from neuroscience research, updated in the new edition to include newer research findings and to better illustrate the applicability of these principles across the wide range of the field of neuroscience. Fundamental statistics and data analysis tools are covered, and end-of-chapter exercises allow students an opportunity to test their understanding.